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No. 624,352. Patented May 2; 1399.

A. H. LIGHTHALL. HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

(Application filed. Dec.. 19, 1898.\ l) 3 Sheen-Sheet I.

- No. 624,352. Patented May 2', {899.

A. H. LIGHTHALL.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR. (Application filed Dec 19, 1898 w (No Model.) 3Sheets-Sheet 2.

H "WM No. 624,352. Patented May 2, I899.

A. H. LIGHTHALL.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

(Application filed Dec. 19, 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

1 and it relates particularly to that class of these UNITED STATESPATENT CEEiCE.

ALMERIN 1-1. LicHTi-IALL, on NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HENRY A.MAURER, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDRAULIC 'MoToR;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 624,352, dated May 2,1899. Application filed December 19, 1898. Serial No. 699.674. (Nomodel.)

To (ZZZ whom it Wtaycmwern:

. Be it known that L'ALMERIN I-I. LIGHTHALL; a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain'new and usef ul Improvements in HydraulicMotors; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to-make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to hydraulic motors,

devices adapted to the propulsion of vessels. The primary object of thepresent invention is to provide, in a motor of the kind referred to, inwhich the shaft is driven by water under pressure directed against animpact water-Wheel onthe shaft, means whereby the water will at alltimes be caused to impinge against the most efiective parts of the waterwheel.

This invention consists, primarily, of a hydraulic motor for propellingvessels, c0mpris-' ing a propeller-shaft capable of longitudinalmovement and having an impactwater-wheel thereon, movable nozzles forprojecting water under pressure against the water-wheel, and aconnection between the shaft and the nozzles whereby they are caused tomovein unison in order to direct water at all times against the mosteffective parts of the wheel.

The invention consists, further, in various novel details ofconstruction whereby the ob j ects of the invention are attained and theeffectiveness of the device insured.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 is a side view of a hydraulic motor for marine propulsionhaving my improvements applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an end view of themotor-casing, the shaft being shown in section. Fig. 3 is afragmentaryview showin g a portion of the water-wheel casing broken away andshowing the nozzles for directing water against the motor-Wheel and thelevers for regulating the flow of Water through the nozzles. Fig. 4 is asectional view of one form of a bearing which will allow alimitedlongitudinal movement of the propeller-shat t. Fig. 5 isv a planview of the motor, particularly showing the means for causing thenozzles to move with the shaft.

In the drawings, A represents a propellershaft, and B represents amotor-wheel mounted in a suitable casing C'and provided on its peripherywith a series of buckets or cups 0. The buckets or cups are, as shown,each provided with oppositely-arranged indentations for the reception ofwater, those for receiving water for moving the shaft in a direction topropel a vessel forward being larger than those for giving it a reversemovement.

On each side of the casing C is a water-chest D, into which water underpressure from the pump E is received. Between each waterchest and theinterior of the casing C are the sliding plates F, each having a seriesof nozzles of different diameters communicating with the openingsthrough the sliding plates. Arranged between the plates F and thewaterchests are the cut-off plates G, having a series of openings g,corresponding in size and arrangement to those in the sliding plates F.By the described arrangement the volume of water projected against themotor-wheel to propel the same in one direction or the other may begoverned both by presenting nozzles of different sizes to direct thewater from the -water-chests and by varying the size of the openings inthe plates F by the cut-off plate G. The position of the slidingnozzle-plates F and of the cut-off plates Gare regulated by hand by thelevers F and G, respectively.

The best results in a construction as herein described are obtained whenthe propellershaft has a yielding thrust-bearing against which it abutsand by which shocks and jars to the vessel and possibility of injury tothe propeller are prevented in increasing or diminishing the speed orthe direction of move ment of the shaft.

In the present embodiment of the invention I have shown a particularform of thrustbearing in connection with the features claimed in thepresent application; but I do not desire herein to limit myself to theexact form of bearing shown. The bearing is not claimed herein, butforms the subject-matter of another application for patent.

In order that the desired or necessary ad justment of the nozzles andcut-off plates in respect of the water-wheel to project the requiredquantity of water against the vvater- Wheel may, when desired, bemaintained irrespective of the longitudinal movement of thepropeller-shaft, the shaft and the nozzleplates and the cut-0d platesare connected.

The means herein shown for connecting the shaft and the plates consistsof the projections F 'F from the nozzle-plates, the projections G2 G2from the cut-off plates, and the arms I-I, connected to the shaft in amanner to allow the latter to rotate independently and extending fromthe shaft at right angles. The respective arms H are connected with theprojections F F and G G on the respective sides of the motor-wheel byset-screws h. In the use of the device the nozzle-plate and the cut-offplate on the side of the waterwheel to give movement thereto and to thepropeller-shaft in the desired direction to move the vessel in which theshaft is placed either forward or rearward are adjusted by thehand-levers F and G. The quantity of water projected against the wheelis regulated both by placing nozzles of different sizes opposite thewheel and by adjusting the cutoff plates.

During the adjustment of the nozzle and cut-off plates the set-screws hare loose, and these are tightened when the required adjustment is made,thus connecting the shaft and the plates. The result is that anymovement of the shaft in a longitudinal direction will be communicatedto the nozzles and cut off plates on the side from which water isprojected against the water-wheel, and thus the arrangement of theplates is maintained in respect of the wheel and the predeterminedquantity of water is kept impinging upon the centers of the buckets orvanes as the waterwheel revolves during any variations inthe position ofthe propellenshaft and the waterwheel.

One form of thrust-bearing suitable for use in connection with thepresent invention is shown as applied to the shaft A in Figs. 1

and 5, and it is shown in detail in section in Fig. 4 of the drawings.It consists, essentially, of the cylinder J, the jacket or sleeve K, andmeans for forcing oil into the cylinder J.

In the drawings, J represents acylinder rigidly, secured in place in avessel by rods j, attached to a solid portion of the frame of thevessel, and into this cylinder projects the forward end of the shaft A.A metal jacket or sleeve K is shrunk upon or otherwise secured to theend of the shaft, and the exterior of this jacket or sleeve correspondsaccurately to the interior of the cylinder J. The jacket or sleeve hasin it a series of external circumferential grooves k, forming chambersbetween the forward end. of the sleeve or jacket and. the end of thecylinder, and a corresponding chamber M is formed at the rear end of thesleeve or jacket. Communicating with these chambers are the pipesN,extending I from a three-waycock 0. Oil under pressure is supplied tothe cock 0 through a pipe P. The oil is allowed by means of the valve Oto pass into the chamber L when the vessel is propelled inaforwarddirection and into the chamber M when it is propelled in the oppo sitedirection, and thus a cushion of oil upon which the thrust of the shaftis imposed is provided, insuring the smooth running of the same andpreventing shocks to or jarring of the vessel. The pressure on thecushions of oil is such that a quantity of the same will be forcedbetween'the cylinder and the sleeve or jacket and will be retained bythe grooves 70, with the result that a perfect lubrication of the partsis provided.

. Oil under pressure to supply the chambers L and M is supplied from atank B through a pump S, which pump is connected to the valve 0 by thepipe P. Movement is imparted to the plunger .9 of the pump from aneccentrio '1 on the propeller-shaft A through the lever to and the linkV. The lever is suitably fulcrumed in a standard W and is pivotally,connected at one end to the plunger 8 of the pump. At the other end thelever is adjustably connected by a set-screw 1; to the link V, theadjustment permitting the regulation of the length of the strokeimparted to the plunger of the pump. By this regulation the pressureunder which the oil is maintained in the chamber of the cylinder J, uponwhich the shaft is cushioned, may be changed to meet varying conditionsarising from various speeds or conditions of propulsion.

While the cushions produced by the confining of the oil under pressureare sufficiently dense to sustain the propeller-shaft under ordinaryconditions, they are yielding enough to allow slight compression incases of extraordinary strain, and thus yielding bearing, which willprevent shocks to avessel, is produced.

' While the construction of the thrust-bearing is particularly shown anddescribed herein, it is not claimed, as it forms the subjectmatter ofapplication, Serial No. 706,728, filed February 24, 1899.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, -is

/ 1. A hydraulic motor for vessels comprising a propeller shaft havinglongitudinal movement, a water-wheel mounted'on the propeller-shaft,movable nozzles for projecting water against the water-wheel, and aconneotion between the shaft and the nozz1es,sub-

stantially as described.

2. A hydraulic motor for vessels comprising a propeller shaft havinglongitudinal movement, a water-wheel mounted on the propeller-shaft,movable nozzles for projecting Water against the motor-wheel, movablecut-off plates for regulating the flow of Water through the nozzles, anda connection between the shaft and the nozzles and the cut-off plates,substantially as described.

3. A hydraulic motor for vessels comprising a propeller shaft havinglongitudinal movement, a water-'wheel mounted on the propeller-shaft,two series of movable nozzles of different diameters for projectingWater against the water-wheel,out-off plates for regulatin g the flow ofWater to the nozzles, handlevers for adjusting the positions of the11oz- .zles and the cut-0E plates, anda detachable

